Harrow



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. T. BELL. HARROW. No. 496,811. PatentedMy 2, 1893.

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HARROW.

(No Meden) No. 496,811. Patented May 2, 189s.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet '3; J. T. BELL.

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N0.496,811. Patented Mayz,1s93.

onms persas co. PHo'mLm-m.. wAsNlNnTnw D c f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN T. BELL, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,811, dated May 2, 1893.

Application iiled May 20, 1892. Serial No. 1 -33,709- (No modeL) To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.- t

Be it known that I, JOHN T. BELL, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Harrows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the type of harrows in which one gang overlaps the other so as to leave no earth ridge between tho gangs. More particularly, it relates in part to disk- .harrows and to hai-rows in which the separate gangs are independently adjustable, but to these I do not intend to confine myself. When the gangs in the harrows overlap each other it is customary to place the main frame beam diagonally so as to bring the hinge of one of the gang beams in the rear of the other. This main frame beam has been made of wood or of a single bar of metal andl owing to the work that it has to perform and its exposure, it is apt to be sprung, warped or bent. Moreover, under former arrangements, with a few exceptions, the inner ends of the gangs have been uncontrolled so far as relates to vertical play. In my present invention I propose to employ a metal frame of quadrilateral form, the diagonally opposite corners of which will support the hinges of the gangs while the end and longitudinal pieces will afford a strong braced structure. I also propose to control one or both gangs at their inner ends by means of link and levers so that they may rise and fall to a limited distance, while preserving practical horizontality in any fore and aft adjustments. I further propose to control the inner end of front gang-beam or beams, if so desired, by means of a roll traveling on an inclined track, which track will be adapted, as near as may be, to rectify or compensate for the angle caused by the inclination of the draft pole.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of a harrow made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a right hand elevation in section from the correspondingly numbered line in the first figure. Fig. 3 is a left hand velevation on line 3 3 in said figure, it being understood that the terms right and left are used arbitrarily and only with reference to the first ligure but not to the eventual oonstruction. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation, in section, of the left hand gang. Figs. 5 and 5 are elevations from one side of the adjustable link on the inner end of one or both gangs. Figs. 6and 6a are elevations from the opposite sides of suchvadjustable link, and Fig. 7 is a vertical, transverse section through said link.

In forming the main or draft frame, which l,

is substantially transverse to thedraft-to'ngue, I employ parallel or substantially parallel front and rear bars or pipes, A, A', o f metal,

arranged transversely of the draft-tongue, B, r

reverse end preferably being bent down orconcaved to saddle and be bolted to the under side of the rear pipe, while the rear cylindrical end of the other end bar enters a socket, c', in the rear pipe and its front end is bent down or concaved to saddle and be bolted to the under side of the front pipe. Into the diagonally opposite ends of these front and rear pipes not used as sockets for the elbow end bars, and preferably secured by the samev bolt, d, which secures the corresponding ends of said end bars to the underside of these front and rear bars, are inserted the turned ends of ear pieces, D, which are bent down below the plane of the frame bars and terminate in liat horizontal plates, d', to which the gang heads, E, are connected by suitable hinges, e, such for instance as described in Letters Patent No. 423,815, granted the 18th day of March, 1890, to Sebastian Ritty, adapted to permit a floating movement to the gangs to conform to the ground. These gang heads instead of being formed of wooden beams as heretofore, are now preferably formed, each, of two angle iron bars, e', having their upper anges horizontal and their lower flanges depending vertically from the outer edges of roo the upper flanges, the two angle iron bars in each gang head being parallel with each other and united by cross pieces of metal, c2, bolted to the horizontal flanges, from beneath or above, and also united by means of hangers, E', which have broad plate-tops, e3, extending from side to side of the heads inside the vertical flanges and bolted to the horizontal anges thereof. These hangers at their lower ends, embrace. the axle, E2, for the harrow gangs, in case revolving disks, E3, are used, as shown for the purposes of this present description, and the gangs are so arranged that thedisks overlap each other at the inner end, for eXample the gang-frame on the left, in the example shown, is hinged in advance of the right gang, thatis to say at the left hand front corner of the main frame while the right gangframe is hinged at the right hand rear corner of said main frame with its inner disk overlapping the inner disk of the front gang,- this being, of course, to prevent any ridge being left between the gangs as they stir up the earth.

It is desirable to keep the two gangs as nearly as possible horizontal or in line with eachother, Whether the ground is level or inclin'ed or whether some spots are more resistant than others. It is also necessary to take into account the inclination of the draft pole inthe angular adjustments of the gangs. Ordinarily the weight of the inner ends of the gangs will cause sufficient horizontality or evenness, but at times it is necessary to have a positive resistance for one or the other gang, as for instance on a side hill. I therefore, as already suggested, have adopted mechanism to meet these objects and certain others hereinafter adverted to, and this I will now describe, without, however, limiting myself to the precise details of such mechanism.

Hounds, F, run from a suitably advanced point on the draft-tongue to pivotal connections with lateral ears, f, from the hangers in which the gang-axles are mounted.

To the top of the draft-tongue, at its rear end and overlapping and saddling it on both sides, is secured a bracket-plate, G, having transverse sockets, g, for the reception of the front and rear bars of the frame, the rear socket preferably projecting beyond the tongue, as in Figs. 2 and 3, to allow the rear y gan g-beam to be adj usted up parallel with the rear frame bar. Bolts, g, passing through the front frame bar, socket and tongue, and a bolt, g2, passing through the seat standard, bracket and tongue fasten the bracket and frame rigidly to said tongue. On one side, this bracket hasa ledge, g3, inclined upwardly and rearwardly in reverse relation to the inclination of the draft-tongue when in use, so as to practically preserve its horizontality and in contact with the lower surface of this ledge is an antifriction roll or runners, g4, on a pintle from the inner end of the left hand or front gang beam which being connected by sleeve, H, onthegailg-axle and link, 7L, With lever, H', pivoted to thedraft-tongue, is capable of back and forth adjustment and of' being locked in position by means of toothed segment, h', into which a dog, h2, on this lever takes. The inner end of the rear gang is connected by link, la, with a lever, K, pivoted to the draft-tongue and latching by means of dog, c, into the segment rack, 7a2, also mounted upon the draft-ton gue, the rear gang thereby being capable of a back and forth adjustment similar to the front gang, but instead of engaging with an inclined ledge or track-Way like the latter, a thing which would hardly be practical owing to its beingrplaced so far in rear of the tongue, it is held down by means of a radiusbar, K', pivoted to the link, as in Fig. 2, and slotted at its upper end as at K3, to take over a pin, 104, projecting laterally rom the corresponding side of the tongue-bracket. This radius bar is preferably made in sections,

'fc5 and 7c, the upper section moving on the pin from the bracket and thelower section beinglongitudinally slotted to receive a' clampin g bolt, k7, and being itself pivoted to the link. The contacting faces of the sections are roughened or serrated so that in fitting up the harrow the length of the link may be rapidly adjusted and permanently determined. The lower section may be of a single thickness and come in contact with the upper section on one face only or it may, as in Figs. 6 and 7, be split, and roughened on the two inner faces to clamp the upper section between such faces, and to saddle the link. The slot in the upper end of the radius bar may be dispensed with and asimple hinge joint be made to com.-

IOO

pensate for the arc movement, but it is more I desirable that it should be present, as shown. The seat, L, is very considerably in the rear of the point where the upward thrust of the two gangs comes against the inclined ledge in the case of the front gang, and against the pin from the bracket in the case of the rear gang, and it will be observed that by the employment of the link radius bar and lateral pin, the upward thrust from the rear gang is brought practically opposite the upward thrust from the front gang. This constitutes a sort of fulcrum between the seat and that end of the pole which is attached to the neck yoke and therefore lifts the weight from the necks of the team, no matter what may be the adjustment of the gangs.

In harrows having one gang ahead of the other, as in the present case, there is more or less side draft, to overcome which I employ a draft evener adapted to either two or three horses. This consists simply in the hammer- IIO strap, M, hammer-bolt, m, and lateral eyef bracket, m', attached to the side of the tongue opposite to that on which the draft comes. When two horses are used, the hammer-strap will be swung upon its pivot bolt,m2,into the position represented in Fig. l, and secured by passing the hammer-bolt through the eye- 496,811 Y 'i' stongue, two horses then being placed on the right hand side and one on the left hand side or Whichever side the front gang is upon.

The arrangement of the two disk-gangs hingedat their outer ends to the draft-frame at points diagonal to the draft-tongue and overlapping each other at their inner ends to bring the inner disk of the rear gang between the inner two disks of the front gang, in connection with means for controlling and adj usting the inner ends of the gangs back and forth independently, one of the other, so that the inner disk of the rear gang may cross the track of the inner disk of the front gang to a greater or less extent, and the mode of constructing thegang-frames or beams, and of connecting thehounds to the outer hangers from said gang-beams have been made the subject of an application filed by me inthe Patent Olice ofthe United States on the 7th day of September, 1891, Serial No. L105,955, and therefore, have no direct relation to the present application.

Having thus described my invention, l wish it to be understood thatl do not limit myself tothe precise details of construction hereinbefore described; butwhat I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl 1. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a draft-tongue, a quadrilateral metallic main frame, ears at diagonally .opposite corners of said frame, the floatingharrow gangs hinged upon said ears t0- ward the outer ends of the gang-beams' and `means for preventing the inner ends of said harrow gangs from vrising limit.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the draft-tongue, the socketed bracket at the rear end thereof, the main frame consisting' o f tubular front and rear bars resting in said sockets and elbow end bars secured to the front and rear bars in the manner stated, the ear pieces entering the sockets in the front and rear bars at diagonally opposite corners of the frame, tioating harrow gangs hinged to said ear pieces near the outer ends of the gang-beams and means beyond a proper for limiting the rise of the inner ends of said the tongue bracket having a lateral ledge reversely inclined to the normal inclinationv of the draft-tongue, of a floating'harrowl gang provided at its inner end with a roll traveling on the under inclined face of such ledge.

5. The combination, substantiallyY as hereinbefore set forth, with the draft-tongue and a iioating harrow gang havinggits inner end free to rise and fall independently of `the draft-tongue, of a lever fulcrumed on the draft-tongue, a link connecting the innerend of the harrow gang with said lever and a r adius bar connecting said link with astop-pin and pivot supported by the draft-tongue,- such radius bar being attached tothejlink at a point between the gang and the lever.

6. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the draft-tongue, two floating and swinging harrow gangs .hinged at either hand of the tongue and one in 'ad- Vance of the other, a bracket on the rear end of the draft-tongue having a lateral ledgediagonally inclined reversely to the inclinatlon of the tongue, a roller on theinner end of the front gang traveling on the under Surface of said ledge, a lever and link for adjusting the inner end of said gang foreY and aft, a laterally projecting pin on the other side of said tongue, a lever and link for adjusting theY inner end of the rear gang fore and aft and a radius bar connecting said laterally projecting pin with the link between the gang and the lever.

, 7. The combination, substantially as hereinbeforeA set forth, of the draft-tongue, the seat, two Heat-ing hai-row gangs adjustable fore and aft at their inner ends, and supporting connections from the inner ends of said gangs applied tothe draft tongue in advance of the seat, and gangs serving as fulcrulns whereby ther Weight of the driver in his seat tends to lighten the weight of the neck yoke.

8. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth,'of the draft-tongue, the seat, a floating harrow gang having a roller at its inner end, an inclined flange from the draft-tongue in advance of the seat, upon the under surface of which said roller travels, a fioating harrow gang in the rear of the draft-tongue, a link connecting the inner end of said gang with an adjusting lever on the draft-tongue, and a radius bar connecting a pin from the draft-tongue, in advance of the seat, with said link.

9. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with the draft-tongue and a floating harrow gang, hinged at its outer end to the rigid draft-frame and free to rise and fall at its inner end irrespective of the draft-tongue of a lever vfu'lcrumed onto the draft-tongue, a link connecting the weight arm of said lever with the inner end of the the draft-tongue and a radius vbar slotted to take over said pin and connecting it,'at its lower' end, with the link, in advance of the gang.

. 10. The combination, substantially as here- IOO rzo

harrow gang, a laterally projecting pin from inbefore set forth, With the draft-tongue and tions adjustably secured to eacl1 other and main frame and swinging barrow gang pivconnecting said pin to the link 1n advance oted to the main frame, of the lever pivoted of the gang.

t0 the draft-tongue, a link connecting said JOHN T. BELL. lever with the inner end of the harrow gang, Witnesses: a. laterally projecting pin from the draft- A. S. WELLS,

tongue and a radius bar formed in two sec- M. E. SHIELDS. 

